Difference between revisions of "Deliberation"

Latest revision as of 03:24, 4 April 2021

Definition of deliberation

Deliberation is communications processes conducted by people, aimed to find solutions, based on optimally corroborated knowledge, relevant to the solution. It is usually used to achieve maximum cooperation in using a common resource, and/or for achieving collaborative action, based on maximum free choice.

Solutions are achieved by:

agreeing on the process of deliberation (also known as Munchausen Problem)
Working toward a common understanding of the relevant field of knowledge (Creation of corroborated SON)
Proposition of options based on SON.
Understanding of the resources and values each option bare.
Personal and collaborative evaluation of the options
Selection optimal options, based on the evaluation.
In optimal cases, there will be an optimal option, which all select freely.
If people need to use the common resource or take coordinated collaborative action, they will need to achieve a single option or several options that do not contradict each other.

Deliberation consumes resources (Time, thinking, meeting-places, etc.), and may take a lot of resources. We may reduce resource consumption by developing more efficient processes. If people need to resolve disagreement and the deliberation wouldn’t produce a solution, by the available resources, they can take other means of decision making, like voting, sortition, or decision by minority or a single person. Yet these methods sometimes may harm the interests of some people and therefore may result in an unwillingness to cooperate or even resist the resolution. Even in such circumstances, setting some time and resources to deliberation may result in a decision that may elevate the will to cooperate.

Deliberation is affected by the medium which is used during the process. It is also affected by social, cognitional, and emotional phenomena.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-aspects of deliberation
+__TOC__
+==Definition of deliberation==
-==Systematic Approach To Deliberation==
+Deliberation is communications processes conducted by people, aimed to find solutions, based on optimally corroborated knowledge, relevant to the solution. It is usually used to achieve maximum cooperation in using a common resource, and/or for achieving collaborative action, based on maximum free choice.
-===Justification of Deliberation===
+Solutions are achieved  by:
-Deliberation systems have three main functions, according to the the writers of Deliberative systems<ref>Parkinson, J., & Mansbridge, J. (Eds.). (2012). Deliberative Systems: Deliberative Democracy at the Large Scale (p. 204). Cambridge University Press. p.10-12</ref>. The three are ''Epistemic'', ''Ethic'' and ''Democratic''. On the epistemic consideration, It should produce well informed decisions. In the ethic side, deliberation creates more bonding between citizens. In the democratic perspective deliberation should take into account inputs from wider prompt opinions of the population, when making decisions.
+* agreeing on the process of deliberation (also known as [[Munchausen  Problem]])
+* Working toward a common understanding of the relevant field of knowledge (Creation of corroborated [[SON]])
+* Proposition of [[option|options]] based on [[SON]].
+* Understanding of the [[resource|resources]] and [[value|values]] each [[option]] bare.
+* Personal and collaborative [[evaluation]] of the [[option|options]]
+* [[Selection]] optimal options, based on the evaluation.
+* In optimal cases, there will be an optimal option, which all select freely.
+* If people need to use the common resource or take coordinated collaborative action, they will need to achieve a single option or several options that do not contradict each other.
+Deliberation consumes resources (Time, thinking, meeting-places, etc.), and may take a lot of resources. We may reduce resource consumption by developing more efficient processes.
+If people need to resolve disagreement and the deliberation wouldn’t produce a solution, by the available resources,  they can take other means of decision making, like voting, sortition, or decision by minority or a single person. Yet these methods sometimes may harm the interests of some people and therefore may result in an unwillingness to cooperate or even resist the resolution. Even in such circumstances, setting some time and resources to deliberation may result in a decision that may elevate the will to cooperate.
-===On using Experts in Deliberation===
+Deliberation is affected by the medium which is used during the process. It is also affected by social, cognitional, and emotional phenomena.
-Although experts are sometimes crucial for deliberation, because they hold more corroborated [[SON]], there are some concern that should be addresses when expert are taking part in a deliberation. Expert may harm deliberation in those aspects:
-* Epistemically, delegation of deliberation to expert can promote citizen ignorance.
-* Expert themselves can be biased (as was suggested by Loerenz et al.<ref>[http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/05/10/1008636108.full.pdf Lorenz et al., How social infulence can underminr the wisdom of the crowds effect, 2011, PNAS]</ref>)
-==Epistemic Considerations==
-[[Epistemology of Deliberation]]
-[[the problem of coordination]]
-==Settings of Deliberation==
-[[Limitations on group size]]
-[[large groups on-line deliberation]]
-==Distortions in Reason==
-For unloigical and intutive reasoning, see [[decision making#Intuitive Decision Making|Intuitive Decision Making in "Decision Making"]]
-==Psychological considerations==
-[[FFFF and deliberation]]
-[[Settings that promote system 2 discussion]]
-==methods of deliberation==
-[[deliberative polls]]
-==Criticism on deliberation==
-[[criticism on deliberation]]
-==See Also==
-[[Decision Making]]
-==References==
-<references/>
-[[category: deliberation]]

Difference between revisions of "Deliberation"

From Deliberative Democracy Institiute Wiki

Latest revision as of 03:24, 4 April 2021

Contents

Definition of deliberation