In Within a democracydemocratic framework, the foundational principle lies in the equality of all citizens are considered equal, with equal where each individual's rights and their needs have are accorded equal importance before significance in the eyes of the democratic decision -making bodyapparatus. To ensure that all citizens effectively address the diverse needs and concerns could be taken into account in the of all citizens within this decision-makingcontext, scholars of deliberative democracy suggested several have put forth a set of core values that deliberators should follow adhere to in their deliberative processendeavors.

=== Group-Personal Optimising ROI Selection Criterion for selecting options ===In choosing among competing alternatives, it becomes imperative to establish a framework for assessing and distinguishing superior solutions from inferior ones. This chapter undertakes the exploration of criteria employed by participants in the determination of the most favorable solution.

Deliberation is an [[organization|organizational]] collaborative decision-making process, aiming at finding the organization's [[optimal course of action]] which will result in the best outcomes for the [[stakeholders]], using minimal resources of the organization. In deliberation, all members of the organization are considered equal, all relevant information is taken into account, and the information is validated (see more on [[Values of deliberative-democracy]]).